Gupta, G. N.

• Living Barriers in Indian Arid Zone and them Ecological Benefits

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Authors

Genda Singh , G. N. Gupta

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 126, No 3 (2000), Pagination: 257-268

Abstract

The Indian arid zone, which covers mainly the States of Rajasthan, Gujarat and Haryana, was surveyed for the physical and biological benefits of the prevailing living barriers. These living barriers are generally raised to demarcate boundaries of agricultural field and to protect home yards or agricultural crops/or newly planted seedlings from dODilestic as well as wild animals. It controls runoff, facilitates the infiltration of rain water to the soil, conserve moisture and increase the production of agricultural crops. The fodder and fuel demands are also fulfilled by some of the species viz., Zizyphus sp. Prosopis julij1ora, Calligonum polygonoides, Clerodendron f1omoides, Lycium barbarum, etc. The most important benefit ofliving barriers is microclimate amelioration, particularly they moderate the hard climate. The important genera involved for the erection of living barriers are Euphorbia, Opuntia, Prosopis and Acacia. Some others are L. barbarum, C. f1omoides, B. aegiptiaca, M. emarginata, Ipomoea sp. etc. All these species have various multipurpose uses and can be generated either by direct seed sowing or by planting cuttings or nursery raised seedlings.

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• Relative Performance of Different Species on a Sand Dune in Thar Desert

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Authors

G. N. Gupta , Bilas Singh

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 123, No 3 (1997), Pagination: 206-210

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted in Jodhpur District ofIndian desert to study the performance of different species on a sand dune. Effect of mulching was also studied on six different species. Acacia planifrons registered the highest survival, whereas best growth was attained by Prosopis juliflora (274 cm height and 339 cm crown at two years of age) followed by Acacia tortilis (237 cm height and 240 cm crown) and Acacia planifrons (127 cm height and 175 cm crown). Mulching caused dramatic improvements in the growth of Zkiphus numularia, Tecomella undulata,Prosopia cineraria and Acacia tortilis.

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• Irrigation Water Management in Dalbergia sissoo during its Establishment in the Indian Desert

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Authors

G. N. Gupta , Premlal , A. K. Mishra , G. R. Kachhawaha

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 121, No 2 (1995), Pagination: 143-152

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted in Indira Gandhi Nahar Project area of the Indian desert to find out optimum schedule and suitable method of irrigation for raising irrigated plantations of Dalbergia sissoo. Various treatments were comprised of three methods (Flooding, Spot and Furrow), three frequencies (20-40-60 days for winter, 10 -20-30 days for monsoon and 7 - 15 and 22 days interval for summer months) and three quantities (30,45 and 60 mm) of irrigation. Observations on growth and biomass of 14 months old plantation indicate that spot method of irrigation produced the best initial growth of plantation with 45 mm of water added at the interval of 10 days in summer, 20 days in monsoon and 30 days in winter mouths. This treatment resulted in trees of 162 cm average height producing total biomass of 27.4 q/ha for 14 month old plantation of Dalbergia sissoo. The water use efficiency due to this treatment was 12.2 kg/mm which was maximum as compared to all other treatments.

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• Effect of Run-off Harvesting and Conservation Techniques on Growth and Biomass Production of Prosopis cineraria

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Authors

G. N. Gupta , N. Bala , K. R. Choudhary

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 121, No 8 (1995), Pagination: 702-710

Abstract

To investigate the influence of different run-off harvesting and conservation techniques on soil moisture storage, growth and biomass production of Prosopis cineraria (khejri), a field experiment was carried out at Arid Forest Research Institute, Jodhpur with eight treatments such as; Control, Weed removal, Weed removal + soil working, Saucers of 1.0 m diameter, Saucers of 1.5 m diameter, Saucers of 1.5 m diameter covered with mulching around the trees, Bunding around each tree in checker board design and Inter row ridges of 20% slope. The saucer of 1.5 m diameter was found to be the best treatment which improved soil moisture storage considerably, caused eight times increase in total biomass of 26 month old khejri plantation (from 4.49 to 37.16 q ha^-1), doubled the ischolar_main mass (4.33 to 9.66 q ha^-1) and caused 30 per cent increase in tree height. The technique of inter row slopes was also equally effective. Gain in tree growth due to other water harvesting treatments was relatively lower, though significant when compared with control. The weeding treatment improved the growth of khejri by two folds. Various treatments improved the water use efficiency of khejri by two to eight times as compared to 4.78 kg cm^-1 ha^-1 in control.

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• Micro-catchment Water Harvesting for Raising Neem in Arid Region

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Authors

G. N. Gupta , N. K. Limba , P. K. Gupta

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 121, No 11 (1995), Pagination: 1022-1032

Abstract

The field experiment conducted on Neem raised on various types of water harvesting structures in arid region is presented.

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• Response of Ailanthus excelsa to N and P Fertilization on an Arid Sandy Soil

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Authors

G. N. Gupta , Premlal , N. Singh , B. Singh , N. K. Bohra

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 120, No 4 (1994), Pagination: 368-373

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of varying levels of nitrogen (0, 9 and 18g N per plant) and phosphorus(0, 3 and 6 g P₂O₅, per plant) in factorial combinations, on the growth of Ailanthus excelsa planted on an arid sandy soil in Rajasthan. Nitrogen application at the rate of 9g N per plant improved the plant height by 24 per cent when recorded after one year of plantation. Phosphorus application at the rate of 6 g P₂O₅ per plant improved the ischolar_main length by 27 per cent and ischolar_main spread five folds after one year of plantation. Preplant application of 9g N combined with 6g P₂O₅, per plant was the best treatment which improved the height of two year old trees from 144 to 213 cm.

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• Neem Establishment in Arid Zone as Influenced by Different Techniques of Rain Water Harvesting

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Authors

G. N. Gupta , K. R. Choudhary , Bilas Singh , A. K. Mishra

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 119, No 11 (1993), Pagination: 914-919

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to study the influence of different techniques of rain water harvesting on establishment of Neem (Azadirachta indica) at the research farm of Arid Forest Research Institute, Jodhpur. The various treatment were: Control, Weed removal (W.R.), Weed removal + Soil working (S.W.), W.R.+S.W. +Saucers of 1.0 m dia, W.R.+ S W.+Saucers of 15m dis, W. R. +S. W. +mulching in saucers around the plants, water conservation structuns in checker board design and water conservation structures as inter row slopes of 20 per cent. Out of the eight treatments, the inter row slopes of 20 per cent caused significantly higber moisture conservation in the ischolar_main zone (40 per cent higher than the control) which resulted in better growth of neem (296 cm tall trees than 203 cm in control at ]8 month age). The treatment of weed removal alone caused tree heigbt improvement by 26 per cent over control. The weed removal helped conserving 20 per cent higher moisture than control. The practices of mulching and making saucers also improved the tree growth considerably. The coefficients of correlation between per cent increase in collar girth was 0.73 and with per cent increase in tree hight was 0.48.

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• Influence of Different Soil Mixtures on Nursery Growth of some Arid Zone Tree Species

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Authors

G. N. Gupta

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 118, No 12 (1992), Pagination: 952-960

Abstract

Arid regions of Rajasthan are predominantly occupied by sandy soil. The nursery stock raised on such soil is poor and often results in heavy mortality when out planted. Therefore, a nursery experiment was conducted by mixing different levels of tank silt (0,5,10 and 20%), farm yard manure (0,2,4 and 6%), nitrogen (0,10,20 and 40 ppm as urea) and phosphorus (0,15 and 30 ppm P.O as single superphosphate) to findout the suitable mixture for producing healthy seedlings of some arid zone tree species. The study indicated significant influence of mixing tank silt and FYM, with sand, on the seedling growth of Dalbergia sissoo, Albizia lebbek and Prosopis cineraria. Response to nitrogen application was shown only by Albizia lebbek. None of the species responded to phosphate application. The potting mixture producing the best healthy seedlings in this study were, 10 percent tank silt + 2 percent FYM for Dalbergia sissoo, 10 percent tank silt + 4 percent FYM + 40 ppm nitrogen for Albizia lebbek and 10 percent tank silt for Propsis cineraria. Use of tank silt improved the aggregation and the mixture remained intact with the seedling when polythene bag was removed.

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• Fertilizer Response of Selected Social Forestry Species under Varying Soil Texture

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Authors

S. Mohan , K. G. Prasad , G. N. Gupta

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 116, No 1 (1990), Pagination: 49-57

Abstract

Pot culture experiment using sand,loam and clay textured solis was conducted to see the effect of texture and nutrient application (50 ppm each of N, P and K) on Acacia lenticularis, Acacia pJanifrons, Albizia amara, Albizia lebbek, Azaduachta indica, Eucalyptus teretieornis, Hardwickia binata, Peltaphorum pterocarpum and Tamarindus indica. It was observed that A.lebbek, P.pterocarpum and E. tereticornis are highly responsive to clay texture and nutrient application. All species produced higher above and below ground biomass in clay soli except A. amara which produced higher biomass under sandy soil. A.lenticularis, A.amara, A.indica, H.binata and T.indica showed decrease in biomass due to nutrient application. Further studies are suggested.

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• Effect of Foliar Spray of Macro and Micro-Nutrients on Growth of Pine Seedlings in Nursery

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Authors

P. A. Abdul Bari , G. N. Gupta

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 116, No 2 (1990), Pagination: 115-120

Abstract

A nursery experiment was conducted to study the influence of foliar sprays of macro and micro-nutrients on p.curibaea and P.patula seedlings in red soil and shola soil mediums. Four sprays of 1% solution of 10 macro and micro nutrients were done at an interval of one month. Maximum height increment was observed due to Zinc in P.patula and due to magnesium in P caribaea. When no treatment was given,seedling growth was significantly better on shola soil than the red soil.

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• Response of several Tree Species to Management on Degraded Soil of Semi-arid Region

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Authors

G. N. Gupta , S. Mohan

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 116, No 8 (1990), Pagination: 622-630

Abstract

A field experiment on skeletally, degraded forest land of a semi-arid region revealed that adoption of water harvesting technique coupled with preplant applicafion of 25 g each of urea and single superphosphate per plant increased the early growth of tree species of the 11 tree species tried, 7 responded dramatically to management. The increase in biomass yield varied from 5 times to 22 times The most suitable tree species, in order of their performance, on these wastelands were P. pterocarpum, E comaldulensis, A. planifrons, A. nilotica, C. pentandra, A. lebbek and A. leucnophloea. Root growth of these tree species also increased many folds owing to the management treatment.

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• Use of Mulches in Estblishment and Growth of Tree Species on Dry Lands

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Authors

Balvinder Singh , G. N. Gupta , K. G. Prasad , S. Mohan

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 114, No 6 (1988), Pagination: 307-316

Abstract

Field experiments at three locations, namely Bolampatti, Pethikuttai and Coimbatore (Coimbatore Forest Division, Tamil Nadu) having different rainfall pattern and soils were conducted in 1985-86. Coir pith mulch was used on heavier soils of Bolampatti and Coimbatore, while gravel mulch was used on medium soil of Pethikuttai. Height of A. planifrons (113%), A. nilotica (96%), P. pterocarpum (85%), A. indica (60%) and E. camaldulensis (57%) increased due to coir pith mulch treatment. Response to mulch treatment was not so marked in case of A. leucophloea (27%) and T. indica (13%). A. lebeek, E. cuminii and P. pinnata did not respond to treatment. At Pethikuttai, use of gravel mulch increased height of E. camaldulensis (53%), A. indica (59%) C. pentendra (47%), A. leucophloea (68%) and A. nilotica (96%), A. planifrons (51%), P. pterocarpum (91%) A. lebbeck (122%). Growth of E. cuminii, C. equisetifolia, P. pinnata and T. indica was not significant due to mulch. At Coimbalore, where additional water was also given during severe moisture stress, plant height of C. equisetifolia increased from 115 to 147 cm E. camaldulensis from 102 to 120 cm in 6 months after planting. T. indica did not respond to mulch application at this site. Use of coir pith mulch maintained significantly higher moisture regime at all the locations throughout the growth period. Coir pith mulch reduced the surface soil temperature by 3 to 5°C at Coimbatore.

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• Soil Vegetation Relationship Studies in some Selected Tree Species of Mudumalai Forest Division

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Authors

Jasbir Singh , G. N. Gupta , K. G. Prasad

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 114, No 7 (1988), Pagination: 390-398

Abstract

Present paper envisages information on the influence of climate, soil and topographic factors for the growth and distribution of three important tree species namely Anogeissus latifolia, Terminalia tomentosa and Tectona grandis in Mudumalai Forest Division of Tamil Nadu. T. tomentosa was found suitable in regions having > 1525 mm of annual rainfall, whereas A. latifolia and T. grandis performed well in the relatively lesser rainfall areas as well. T. tomentosa prefers very deep soils (> 120 cm) whereas good growth and density of T. grandis and A. latifolia were recorded on moderately deep soils. Density and growth of T. grandis was higher on medium textured soils whereas the density of A. latifolia was not affected by coarse textured soils. Higher growth and density of T. tomentosa was associated with poor P₂O₅ K₂O and Mg contents of the soil. A. latifolia and T. grandis were found on soil rich in Ca and Mg. Soils rich in organic carbon and CEC occurred under better growth and density of teak.

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• Response of Two Year Old Pinus patula to N, P and K Fertilization

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Authors

S. B. Singh , K. G. Prasad , G. N. Gupta , G. S. Maurya

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 112, No 1 (1986), Pagination: 38-42

Abstract

Influence of N, P, K fertillzation was studied in two year old stand of Pinus patula at Paymund, Ooty. Trees smaller than 2m responded to 20kg of N/ha and also to 15kg of P₂O₅ whereas, the trees more than 3m tall showed growth response to nitrogen only. Nitrogen and phosphorus interaction was not significant, Phosphorus × potassium interaction was positive on growth of trees smaller than 2m. Nitrogen and potossium relationship was antagonistic in all plants. The study indicates the need to carry out comprehensive experimental trials on methods of fertilization in pine stands.

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• Salt Tolerance in some Tree Species at Seedling Stage

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Authors

G. N. Gupta , K. G. Prasad , S. Mohan , P. Manivachakam

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 112, No 2 (1986), Pagination: 101-113

Abstract

In a pot culture study varying levels of salinity were Simulated in clay, loam and sand textured soils. Based on plant survival, height, leaf weight, stem weight total plant weight, ischolar_main length and ischolar_main/shoot ratio, it was concluded that Acacia nilotica and Eucalyptus camaldulensis could be grown with less than 50% growth reduction upto 5 ds/m salinity. Acacia nilotica withstood salinity of as high as 15 dS/m. Casuarina equisetifolia was moderate in salt tolerance. Ceiba pentandra and Acacia auriculaeformes were highly sensitive tree species and did not survive beyond 2.5 ds/m.

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• Distribution of Teak under Different Silvo-climatic Conditions in some Parts of Western Ghats

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Authors

Jasbir Singh , K. G. Prasad , G. N. Gupta

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 112, No 11 (1986), Pagination: 1108-1015

Abstract

Present work was an attempt to study the influence of climatic, physiographic and edaphic factors on the growth and distrihution of Teak (Tectono grandis) in the eastern slope of western ghats. Based on soil analytical and teak density data obtained during the survey of Mudumalai Wildlife sanctuary and Coimbatore Forest Division in Tamil Nadu it was observed that, in general, teak prefers moderately deep, well drained. Medium textured soil, moderate temperature and gentle slopes. The data also suggest that high to very high teak density sites have relatively higher organic carbon; exchangeable calcium and cation exchangeable capacity.

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• Managing the Eroded Slopy Lands for Higher Biomass Production of Eucalyptus grandis

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Authors

Balvindar Singh , G. N. Gupta , K. G. Prasad

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 112, No 4 (1986), Pagination: 288-295

Abstract

An initial survey of the soils under Eucalyplus grandis plantation at Minmutti, in Nagarampara range of Kottayam forest Division revealed that the stunted growth and mortality of the Eucalyptus grandia was due to deficiency of N,P. and Ca, on severely eroded soils. Having skeletal compacted soil profile. Studies involving four levels each of N (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg/ha), and P₂0₅ (0, 1 0, 20 and 30 kg/ha) as urea and superphosphate, respectively in factorial combinations revealed that both, nitrogen and phosphorus.. Enhanced biomass production and stem volume significantly during two year growth period. Influence of nitrogen was of prime significance. The P and N x P interaction was also significant. Additional Index Nitrogen, Pholphorus, Eucalyptus grandis, Eroded lands.

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• Studies on Changes in Soil Properties under Different Vegetations

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Authors

K. G. Prasad , S. B. Singh , G. N. Gupta , M. George

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 111, No 10 (1985), Pagination: 794-801

Abstract

Investigation on changes in soil properties owing to conversion of natural forests into mixed and teak plantations were carried out. Observations after 40 years of such conversion, indicate higher loss of soil fertility (organic C, P₂0₅ and Mg) under teak plantation than mixed plantation. Initiation of illuviation process was also noted under later. Morphological features, however, remained unaffected. Nonetheless, the study suggests more comprehensive studies on this aspect.

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• Fertilization in Eucalyptus grandis on Severely Truncated Soil. II: Biomass Producnon

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Authors

K. G. Prasad , G. N. Gupta , S. B. Singh , S. Mohan , J. Madhavan Nair , A. D. Doe

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 110, No 2 (1984), Pagination: 142-149

Abstract

Biomass production of different components (ischolar_main, stem, twig and leaf) of one year old Eucalyptus grandis due to different doses of urea and superphosphate application at Minmutti, Kerala, was assessed. Application of nitrogen and phosphorus increased biomass production of all tree components. Though, response was greater due to urea appliclltion than superphosphate application, combined application of N and P increased biomass production of all plant parts tremendously. Similar to biomass production fertilizer use efficiency was also better due to N and P application alone or in combination. Considering biomass production and fertilizer use efficieney, the treatment receiving 75 g urea along witb 73 g superphosphate found to be the most efficient treatment.

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